MySQL5.5复制搭建的示例分析
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--Master 192.168.78.139
--Slave 192.168.78.137
--在Slave安装好MySQL软件，安装流程可以参考源码安装文章
http://blog.itpub.net/26506993/viewspace-2072859/
--Master关闭数据库，并拷贝数据文件到Slave
[root@localhost backup]# /software/bin/mysqladmin -usystem -p'Mysql#2015' shutdown
[root@localhost backup]# 160426 19:50:32 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended
[1]+ Done /software/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf (wd: /data)
(wd now: /backup)
[root@localhost backup]# ps -ef|grep 3306
root 20319 55613 0 19:50 pts/2 00:00:00 grep 3306
[root@localhost /]# zip -r /install/mysql_data_20160427.zip /data/
[root@localhost install]# scp /install/mysql_data_20160427.zip root@192.168.78.137:/install/
The authenticity of host '192.168.78.137 (192.168.78.137)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 4a:41:41:4b:4b:83:ea:cc:4b:56:bb:20:0a:8c:88:ce.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.78.137' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.78.137's password:
mysql_data_20160427.zip 100% 5053KB 4.9MB/s 00:01
--Slave，将传输过来的数据文件解压到Slave所要使用的数据文件目录
[root@localhost install]# mkdir /mysql_data
[root@localhost install]# unzip -d /mysql_data/ /install/mysql_data_20160427.zip
[root@localhost install]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mysql_data/
--编辑Master的配置文件
[root@localhost install]# vim /etc/my.cnf
# Log
server-id = 100
log-bin = /log/binlog/mysql-bin
--启动Master的Mysql数据库
[root@localhost backup]# /software/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
[1] 20592
[root@localhost backup]# 160426 20:32:49 mysqld_safe Logging to '/log/err.log'.
160426 20:32:49 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data
--在Master数据库上面创建复制专用账户
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'192.168.78.%' identified by 'Mysql#2015';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
--查看Master当前的日志名称和位置，用于下面在Slave的change master to命令
mysql> flush tables with read lock;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000008 | 256 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
--配置Slave的配置文件
[root@localhost data]# vim /etc/my.cnf
# Log
server-id = 200
log-bin = /log/binlog/mysql-bin
relay-log = /log/binlog/mysqld-relay-bin
relay-log-index = /log/binlog/product-mysql-relay-index
datadir = /mysql_data/data
--启动Slave的数据库服务
[root@localhost mysql]# /data/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
[1] 22611
[root@localhost mysql]# 160426 22:53:18 mysqld_safe Logging to '/log/err.log'.
160426 22:53:18 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /mysql_data/data
--在Slave配置Slave到Master的连接
通过CHANGE MASTER TO语句来设置Slave连接到Master服务器的参数，来使Slave读取Master的二进制日志和Slave的relay日志。
mysql> change master to
-> master_host='192.168.78.139',
-> master_port=3306,
-> master_user='repl',
-> master_password='Mysql#2015',
-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000008',
-> master_log_pos=256;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.16 sec)
参数含义：
master_host 指定连接的Master主机
master_port 指定连接的Master的端口
master_user 指定连接的Master的复制专用账户
master_password 指定连接的Master的复制专用账户的密码
master_log_file Master当前的日志名称
master_log_pos Master当前的日志位置
--Master释放全局只读锁
mysql> unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
--查看Slave的状态
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 192.168.78.139
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 256
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: No
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 256
Relay_Log_Space: 107
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
--启用Slave的应用日志服务
START SLAVE语句会启动两个线程。I/O线程会从Master服务器读取事件并将它们存放到relay log中。SQL线程会从relay log中读取事件并执行它们。执行START SLAVE需要SUPER权限。
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
--Slave日志中的内容
[root@localhost data]# tailf /log/err.log
160427 5:57:08 [Note] 'CHANGE MASTER TO executed'. Previous state master_host='', master_port='3306', master_log_file='', master_log_pos='4'. New state master_host='192.168.78.139',
master_port='3306', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000010', master_log_pos='107'.
160427 5:57:23 [Note] Slave SQL thread initialized, starting replication in log 'mysql-bin.000010' at position 107, relay log '/log/binlog/mysqld-relay-bin.000001' position: 4
160427 5:57:25 [Note] Slave I/O thread: connected to master 'repl@192.168.78.139:3306',replication started in log 'mysql-bin.000010' at position 107
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