List集合详解
================================Person.cs
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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Collections;
namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
public class Person : IComparable, IFormattable
{
public decimal Money { get; private set; }
public string Name { get; private set; }
public Person(string name,decimal money )
{
this.Name = name;
this.Money = money;
}
public string ToString(string format, IFormatProvider formatProvider)
{
if (format == null) return ToString();
switch (format)
{
case "N":
return string.Format("姓名：{0}", Name);
case "M":
return string.Format("收入：{0}", Money);
default:
return ToString();
}
}
public override string ToString()
{
return string.Format("姓名：{0}，收入：{1}", Name, Money);
}
public int CompareTo(Person other)
{
int resouce = other.Money.CompareTo(this.Money);//降序
if (resouce == 0)
{
resouce = other.Name.CompareTo(this.Name);
}
return resouce;
}
}
} ================================Student.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
[Serializable]//指示一个类可以序列化，不可以继承
public class Student
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public Student(string name)
{
this.Name = name;
}
public override string ToString()
{
return string.Format("我是学生了，姓名：{0}", this.Name);
}
}
}
================================主程序
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//=============================集合初始值设定项
List i = new List() { 1, 2 };
List s = new List() { "a", "b" };
//=============================添加元素
Person p1 = new Person("张飞", 100.00m);
Person p2 = new Person("关羽", 150.00m);
List p = new List() { p1, p2 };//集合初始值设定项
p.Add(new Person("诸葛亮", 500.00m));
p.AddRange(new Person[] { new Person("赵云", 50.00m), new Person("马超", 100.00m) });//添加集合
List per = new List(new Person[] { new Person("赵云", 50.00m), new Person("马超", 100.00m) });//构造对象
//=============================插入元素
p.Insert(1, new Person("黄忠", 100.00m));
p.InsertRange(0, new Person[] { new Person("魏延", 80.00m), new Person("庞统", 100.00m) });//批量插入
p.InsertRange(0, new Person[] { new Person("魏延", 80.00m), new Person("庞统", 100.00m) });//批量插入
//=============================删除元素
//p.Remove(p1);//按对象删除
//p.RemoveAt(0);//按索引删除
p.RemoveRange(0, 1);//第一个参数开始索引位置；第二个参数删除的个数
//=============================查找元素
Console.WriteLine(p.Exists(r => r.Name == "张飞"));//找到返回True，否则返回false
Console.WriteLine(p.IndexOf(p1)); //根据对象查找,【找到为1，没找到为-1】
Console.WriteLine(p.LastIndexOf(p1));//根据对象查找，从后往前查
Console.WriteLine(p.FindIndex(new FindPreson("庞统").Equals));//根据姓名查找，【返回索引】
Console.WriteLine(p.FindIndex(r => r.Name == "庞统"));//FindIndex lambda方式
Console.WriteLine(p.FindLastIndex(r => r.Name == "庞统"));//和FindIndex相似，从最后一个往前找
Console.WriteLine(p.Find(r => r.Name == "庞统").ToString());//根据姓名查找，【返回一个对象】
Console.WriteLine(p.FindAll(r => r.Name == "庞统")[0].ToString());//根据姓名查找，返回所有匹配对象
Console.WriteLine("==============");
//=============================排序
p.Sort();//没有参数的sort，person必须实现IComparable接口，倒序
p.Sort(new SortPerson(PersonType.Money));//倒序
p.Sort((x, y) => x.Money.CompareTo(y.Money));//正序
//=============================访问元素（for，foreach）
//p.ForEach(Console.WriteLine);//委托Console.WriteLine显式每一项的值
p.ForEach(r => Console.WriteLine(r));//使用lambda表达式
//foreach (var item in p)
//{
// Console.WriteLine(item.ToString());
//}
//=============================强制转换
List stu = p.ConvertAll(r => new Student(r.Name));
stu.ForEach(Console.WriteLine);
Console.ReadKey();
}
private static bool HandleAction(Person p)
{
Console.WriteLine(p.Name);
return true;
}
}
//用于比较
class FindPreson : IEquatable
{
private string Name;
public FindPreson(string name)
{
this.Name = name;
}
public override int GetHashCode()
{
return base.GetHashCode();
}
public override bool Equals(object obj)
{
if (obj == null) throw new ArgumentException("对象不能为空");
return Equals(obj as Person);
}
public bool Equals(Person other)
{
if (other == null) throw new ArgumentException("对象不能为空");
return this.Name == other.Name;
}
}
//用于排序
enum PersonType
{
Name,
Money
}
class SortPerson:IComparer
{
PersonType pt;
public SortPerson(PersonType p)
{
pt = p;
}
public int Compare(Person x, Person y)
{
if (x == null || y == null) throw new ArgumentException("对象不能为null");
int source = 0;
switch (pt)
{
case PersonType.Money:
source = y.Money.CompareTo(x.Money);//降序
break;
case PersonType.Name:
source = y.Name.CompareTo(x.Name);//降序
break;
default:
source = y.Money.CompareTo(x.Money);//降序
break;
}
return source;
}
}
}
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