PostgreSQL在响应客户端发出备份命令pg_basebackup时做了什么
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一、数据结构
basebackup_options
pg_basebackup的选项,在数据库服务器解析为该数据结构.
typedef struct { //备份的标签 const char *label; //是否显示进度 bool progress; //是否执行快速fast checkpoint? bool fastcheckpoint; //nowait? bool nowait; //是否包含wal data bool includewal; // uint32 maxrate; //是否包含表空间映射文件? bool sendtblspcmapfile; } basebackup_options;
二、源码解读
数据库服务器接收到请求,postmaster启动新的postgres进程响应此请求,此进程被视为walsender,标记am_walsender设置为T,在PostgresMain函数中,将执行以下逻辑:
... for (;;)//主循环 { ... switch (firstchar) { case 'Q': /* simple query */ { if (am_walsender) { //如为WAL sender,执行exec_replication_command if (!exec_replication_command(query_string)) exec_simple_query(query_string); ... ...
调用exec_replication_command函数,执行相关命令.该函数会调用SendBaseBackup函数执行具体的实现逻辑,其中重点的实现函数是sendFileWithContent/sendDir.
1.sendFileWithContent函数用于发送backup_label等文件到客户端
pq_putmessage发送消息,’d’的消息类型表示CopyData.
static void sendFileWithContent(const char *filename, const char *content) { struct stat statbuf; int pad, len; len = strlen(content); /* * Construct a stat struct for the backup_label file we're injecting in * the tar. */ /* Windows doesn't have the concept of uid and gid */ #ifdef WIN32 statbuf.st_uid = 0; statbuf.st_gid = 0; #else statbuf.st_uid = geteuid(); statbuf.st_gid = getegid(); #endif statbuf.st_mtime = time(NULL); statbuf.st_mode = pg_file_create_mode; statbuf.st_size = len; _tarWriteHeader(filename, NULL, &statbuf, false); /* Send the contents as a CopyData message */ pq_putmessage('d', content, len); /* Pad to 512 byte boundary, per tar format requirements */ pad = ((len + 511) & ~511) - len; if (pad > 0) { char buf[512]; MemSet(buf, 0, pad); pq_putmessage('d', buf, pad); } }
2.sendDir遍历文件目录,调用sendFile发送到客户端
递归遍历数据库目录,调用sendFile发送文件
... if (!sizeonly) sent = sendFile(pathbuf, pathbuf + basepathlen + 1, &statbuf, true, isDbDir ? pg_atoi(lastDir + 1, sizeof(Oid), 0) : InvalidOid); if (sent || sizeonly) { /* Add size, rounded up to 512byte block */ size += ((statbuf.st_size + 511) & ~511); size += 512; /* Size of the header of the file */ } ...
sendFile发送相应的文件内容到客户端
... while ((cnt = fread(buf, 1, Min(sizeof(buf), statbuf->st_size - len), fp)) > 0) { ... /* Send the chunk as a CopyData message */ if (pq_putmessage('d', buf, cnt)) ereport(ERROR, (errmsg("base backup could not send data, aborting backup"))); ... }
三、跟踪分析
客户端启动pg_basebackup
[xdb@localhost ~]$ pg_basebackup -h 192.168.26.25 -U replicator -p 5432 -D /data/backup -P -Xs -R Password:
跟踪postmaster,设置跟踪子进程
(gdb) set follow-fork-mode child (gdb) b PostgresMain
客户端输入密码后,进入断点,在执行BASE_BACKUP命令前,首先会执行SHOW data_directory_mode/SHOW wal_segment_size/IDENTIFY_SYSTEM三个命令,然后再执行BASE_BACKUP命令
... (gdb) p input_message $2 = {data = 0x20a1d78 "SHOW data_directory_mode", len = 25, maxlen = 1024, cursor = 0} ... (gdb) p input_message $4 = {data = 0x20a1d78 "SHOW wal_segment_size", len = 22, maxlen = 1024, cursor = 0} ... (gdb) p input_message $5 = {data = 0x20a1d78 "IDENTIFY_SYSTEM", len = 16, maxlen = 1024, cursor = 0} ... (gdb) p input_message $7 = {data = 0x20a1d78 "BASE_BACKUP LABEL 'pg_basebackup base backup' PROGRESS NOWAIT ", len = 67, maxlen = 1024, cursor = 0} ...
跟踪SendBaseBackup
(gdb) b SendBaseBackup ... 4178 if (!exec_replication_command(query_string)) (gdb) step exec_replication_command (cmd_string=0x20a1d78 "BASE_BACKUP LABEL 'pg_basebackup base backup' PROGRESS NOWAIT ") at walsender.c:1438 1438 if (got_STOPPING) 1521 SendBaseBackup((BaseBackupCmd *) cmd_node); ...
进入SendBaseBackup
(gdb) c Continuing. [New process 1811] [Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled] Using host libthread_db library "/lib64/libthread_db.so.1". [Switching to Thread 0x7f46389b58c0 (LWP 1811)] Breakpoint 1, SendBaseBackup (cmd=0x2137da8) at basebackup.c:762 762 parse_basebackup_options(cmd->options, &opt); (gdb) n 764 WalSndSetState(WALSNDSTATE_BACKUP); (gdb) p opt $1 = {label = 0x2137760 "pg_basebackup base backup", progress = true, fastcheckpoint = false, nowait = true, includewal = false, maxrate = 0, sendtblspcmapfile = false}
实际执行backup的是函数perform_base_backup
... (gdb) 775 perform_base_backup(&opt); (gdb) step perform_base_backup (opt=0x7ffc96573180) at basebackup.c:232
执行sendXXX
320 if (ti->path == NULL) (gdb) 325 sendFileWithContent(BACKUP_LABEL_FILE, labelfile->data); (gdb) p *labelfile $4 = { data = 0x2138a50 "START WAL LOCATION: 0/66000028 (file 0000001", '0', "66)\nCHECKPOINT LOCATION: 0/66000060\nBACKUP METHOD: streamed\nBACKUP FROM: master\nSTART TIME: 2019-03-26 17:05:45 CST\nLABEL: pg_basebackup base"..., len = 227, maxlen = 1024, cursor = 0} (gdb) n 331 if (tblspc_map_file && opt->sendtblspcmapfile) (gdb) 337 sendDir(".", 1, false, tablespaces, true); (gdb) 340 if (lstat(XLOG_CONTROL_FILE, &statbuf) != 0) (gdb) 345 sendFile(XLOG_CONTROL_FILE, XLOG_CONTROL_FILE, &statbuf, false); (gdb) 356 if (opt->includewal && ti->path == NULL) (gdb) 361 pq_putemptymessage('c'); /* CopyDone */ (gdb) 309 foreach(lc, tablespaces) (gdb) 364 endptr = do_pg_stop_backup(labelfile->data, !opt->nowait, &endtli); (gdb) 366 PG_END_ENSURE_ERROR_CLEANUP(base_backup_cleanup, (Datum) 0); (gdb) 369 if (opt->includewal) (gdb) 605 SendXlogRecPtrResult(endptr, endtli); (gdb) 607 if (total_checksum_failures) (gdb) 623 } (gdb) SendBaseBackup (cmd=0x2137da8) at basebackup.c:776 776 } (gdb) exec_replication_command (cmd_string=0x20a1d78 "BASE_BACKUP LABEL 'pg_basebackup base backup' PROGRESS NOWAIT ") at walsender.c:1522 1522 break; (gdb) c Continuing. [Inferior 2 (process 1811) exited normally] (gdb)
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