如何理解Oracle12cCDB的ADG

这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关如何理解Oracle 12c CDB的ADG，文章内容质量较高，因此小编分享给大家做个参考，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后对相关知识有一定的了解。

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实验环境

OS：oracle linux 6.6

DB：oracle 12.1.0.1

主库：chicago, pdb1, pdb2

备库：boston, pdb1, pdb2

主库操作

0. 确认tnsping可以在主库与备库之间相符访问。如果能ping通，但是tnsping不通很有可能是防火墙没有关闭

[root@snow ~]# service iptables stop

1. 主库数据库文件、控制文件、日志文件的规划

[oracle@snow ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Fri May 1 17:47:28 2015

Connected to:

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SYS@chicago > show pdbs;

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO

3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO

SYS@chicago >

select name from v$datafile

union

select name from v$controlfile

union

select member from v$logfile

union

select name from v$tempfile

union

select value from v$parameter where name='spfile';

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/control01.ctl

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/control02.ctl

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/SAMPLE_SCHEMA_users01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/example01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/pdb1_temp01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/system01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdbseed/pdbseed_temp01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdbseed/system01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/redo01.log

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/redo02.log

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/redo03.log

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/sysaux01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/system01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/temp01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/undotbs01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/users01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.1/db_1/dbs/spfilechicago.ora

19 rows selected.

2. 主库现有3组redo，为此创建4组standby logfile group

SYS@chicago > select group#,bytes/1024/1024 from v$log;

GROUP# BYTES/1024/1024

---------- ---------------

1 50

2 50

3 50

SYS@chicago >

alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/redo04.log') size 50m;

alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/redo05.log') size 50m;

alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/redo06.log') size 50m;

alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/redo07.log') size 50m;

3. 主库设置foece logging

SYS@chicago > alter database force logging;

SYS@chicago > shutdown immediate;

4. 主库创建pfile

SYS@chicago > create pfile from spfile;

SYS@chicago > exit

5. 向主库的pfile添加内容

[oracle@snow ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@snow dbs]$ vi initchicago.ora

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/chicago/adump'

*.audit_trail='db'

*.compatible='12.1.0.0.0'

*.control_files='/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/control01.ctl','/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/control02.ctl'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_name='chicago'

*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=chicagoXDB)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/home/oracle/arch'

*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc'

*.memory_target=1440m

*.open_cursors=300

*.processes=300

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

#for ADG

DB_UNIQUE_NAME=chicago

LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(chicago,boston)'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=

'LOCATION=/home/oracle/arch

VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)

DB_UNIQUE_NAME=chicago'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=

'SERVICE=boston ASYNC

VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)

DB_UNIQUE_NAME=boston'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE

REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE

LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.arc

FAL_SERVER=boston

FAL_CLIENT=chicago

DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='boston','chicago'

LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='boston','chicago'

STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

6. 复制主库的pfile文件，修改为备库的pfile

[oracle@snow dbs]$ cp initchicago.ora initboston.ora

[oracle@snow dbs]$ vi initboston.ora

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/boston/adump'

*.audit_trail='db'

*.compatible='12.1.0.0.0'

*.control_files='/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/control01.ctl','/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/control02.ctl'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_name='chicago'

*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=chicagoXDB)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/home/oracle/arch'

*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc'

*.memory_target=1440m

*.open_cursors=300

*.processes=300

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

#for ADG

DB_UNIQUE_NAME=boston

LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(boston,chicago)'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=

'LOCATION=/home/oracle/arch

VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)

DB_UNIQUE_NAME=boston'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=

'SERVICE=boston ASYNC

VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)

DB_UNIQUE_NAME=chicago'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE

REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE

LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.arc

FAL_SERVER=chicago

FAL_CLIENT=boston

DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='chicago','boston'

LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='chicago','boston'

STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

7. 将备库的pfile文件scp到备库的/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/dbs

[oracle@snow dbs]$ scp initboston.ora boston:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/dbs

oracle@boston's password:

initboston.ora 100% 1141 1.1KB/s 00:00

8. 复制主库的密码文件，修改为备库的密码文件并scp到备库的/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/dbs

[oracle@snow dbs]$ cp orapwchicago orapwboston

[oracle@snow dbs]$ scp orapwboston boston:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/dbs

oracle@boston's password:

orapwboston 100% 7680 7.5KB/s 00:00

9. 修改主库的$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora，手工添加（蓝色）备库的boston部分。其中CHICAGO为CDB的链接字符串，PDB1为PDB的链接字符串。

[oracle@snow dbs]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

[oracle@snow admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora

BOSTON =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.228.13)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = boston)

)

CHICAGO =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = snow.oracle.com)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = chicago)

)

PDB1 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.228.12)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = pdb1)

)

备库操作

10. 创建备库所需目录

和主库一样确认防火墙已经关闭

[root@boston ~]# service iptables stop

[oracle@boston ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=boston

[oracle@boston ~]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/boston/adump

[oracle@boston ~]$ mkdir -p dbfile/boston/pdbseed

[oracle@boston ~]$ mkdir -p dbfile/boston/pdb1

注意：如果只创建了dbfile/boston目录，没有创建pdbseed和pdb1目录的话再后面的duplicate操作会失败。

ORA-19504: failed to create file "/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdbseed/system01.dbf"

11. 为备库创建静态监听，此步骤可以使用netmgr

[oracle@boston ~]$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = boston)

(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1)

(SID_NAME = boston)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = boston)(PORT = 1521))

)

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

12. 修改备库tnsnames.ora，添加主库的CHICAGO(蓝色)

[oracle@boston ~]$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

BOSTON =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.228.13)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = boston)

)

CHICAGO =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.228.12)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = chicago)

)

13. 备库reload监听器

[oracle@boston ~]$ lsnrctl

LSNRCTL> reload

主库操作

14. 主库从修改后的pfile创建spfile，启动实例。此时关于ADG的配置信息将随之实例的启动生效。

[oracle@snow ~]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@chicago as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Fri May 1 18:13:45 2015

Connected to an idle instance.

SYS@chicago > create spfile from pfile;

File created.

SYS@chicago > startup

备库操作

15. 备库从修改后的pfile创建spfile，启动实例到nomount状态。

[oracle@boston dbs]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@boston as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Wed May 6 13:03:06 2015

Connected to an idle instance.

SYS@boston > create spfile from pfile;

File created.

SYS@boston > startup nomount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 459304960 bytes

Fixed Size 2289544 bytes

Variable Size 381681784 bytes

Database Buffers 71303168 bytes

Redo Buffers 4030464 bytes

SYS@boston > exit

16. 使用rman duplicate来在线复制主库。rman部分输出比较多，命名语句使用高亮表标示，其它字体为屏幕输出。

[oracle@boston ~]$ rman target sys/oracle@chicago auxiliary sys/oracle@boston

Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on Mon May 25 14:27:16 2015

connected to target database: CHICAGO (DBID=1488305431)

connected to auxiliary database: CHICAGO (not mounted)

RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database dorecover nofilenamecheck;

Starting Duplicate Db at 25-MAY-15

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK

current log archived

contents of Memory Script:

{

backup as copy reuse

targetfile '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.1/db_1/dbs/orapwchicago' auxiliary format

'/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/dbs/orapwboston' ;

}

executing Memory Script

Starting backup at 25-MAY-15

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=265 device type=DISK

Finished backup at 25-MAY-15

contents of Memory Script:

{

restore clone from service 'chicago' standby controlfile;

}

executing Memory Script

Starting restore at 25-MAY-15

using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

output file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/control01.ctl

output file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/control02.ctl

Finished restore at 25-MAY-15

contents of Memory Script:

{

sql clone 'alter database mount standby database';

}

executing Memory Script

sql statement: alter database mount standby database

contents of Memory Script:

{

set newname for tempfile 1 to

"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/temp01.dbf";

set newname for tempfile 2 to

"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdbseed/pdbseed_temp01.dbf";

set newname for tempfile 3 to

"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/pdb1_temp01.dbf";

switch clone tempfile all;

set newname for datafile 1 to

"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/system01.dbf";

set newname for datafile 3 to

"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/sysaux01.dbf";

set newname for datafile 4 to

"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/undotbs01.dbf";

set newname for datafile 5 to

"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdbseed/system01.dbf";

set newname for datafile 6 to

"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/users01.dbf";

set newname for datafile 7 to

"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf";

set newname for datafile 8 to

"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/system01.dbf";

set newname for datafile 9 to

"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf";

set newname for datafile 10 to

"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/SAMPLE_SCHEMA_users01.dbf";

set newname for datafile 11 to

"/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/example01.dbf";

restore

from service 'chicago' clone database

;

sql 'alter system archive log current';

}

executing Memory Script

executing command: SET NEWNAME

renamed tempfile 1 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/temp01.dbf in control file

renamed tempfile 2 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdbseed/pdbseed_temp01.dbf in control file

renamed tempfile 3 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/pdb1_temp01.dbf in control file

executing command: SET NEWNAME

Starting restore at 25-MAY-15

using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/system01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/sysaux01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/undotbs01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdbseed/system01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/users01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00008 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/system01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00009 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00010 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/SAMPLE_SCHEMA_users01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00011 to /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/example01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

Finished restore at 25-MAY-15

sql statement: alter system archive log current

current log archived

contents of Memory Script:

{

restore clone force from service 'chicago'

archivelog from scn 2165528;

switch clone datafile all;

}

executing Memory Script

Starting restore at 25-MAY-15

using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=82

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=83

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service chicago

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=84

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished restore at 25-MAY-15

datafile 1 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=7 STAMP=880640897 file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/system01.dbf

datafile 3 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=880640897 file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/sysaux01.dbf

datafile 4 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=9 STAMP=880640897 file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/undotbs01.dbf

datafile 5 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=10 STAMP=880640897 file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdbseed/system01.dbf

datafile 6 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=11 STAMP=880640897 file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/users01.dbf

datafile 7 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=12 STAMP=880640897 file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf

datafile 8 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=13 STAMP=880640897 file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/system01.dbf

datafile 9 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=14 STAMP=880640897 file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf

datafile 10 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=15 STAMP=880640897 file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/SAMPLE_SCHEMA_users01.dbf

datafile 11 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=16 STAMP=880640897 file name=/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/example01.dbf

contents of Memory Script:

{

set until scn 2165825;

recover

standby

clone database

delete archivelog

;

}

executing Memory Script

executing command: SET until clause

Starting recover at 25-MAY-15

using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 82 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/arch/1_82_878586712.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 83 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/arch/1_83_878586712.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 84 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/arch/1_84_878586712.arc

archived log file name=/home/oracle/arch/1_82_878586712.arc thread=1 sequence=82

archived log file name=/home/oracle/arch/1_83_878586712.arc thread=1 sequence=83

archived log file name=/home/oracle/arch/1_84_878586712.arc thread=1 sequence=84

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at 25-MAY-15

Finished Duplicate Db at 25-MAY-15

到此为止12c CDB ADG创建完毕。

备库创建成功后，CDB处于mount状态，角色处于物理备库。逐步开启ADG。

[oracle@boston ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Mon May 25 14:30:12 2015

Connected to:

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SYS@boston > select open_mode,database_role from v$database;

OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE

-------------------- ----------------

MOUNTED PHYSICAL STANDBY

备库执行ALTER DATABAE OPEN会将CDB置于open read only状态。

SYS@boston > ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

Database altered.

备库执行ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING ARCHIVED LOGFILE DISCONNECT将实时应用主库传递过来的归档日志。和前面开启的open read only叠加在一起成为active dataguard

SYS@boston > ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING ARCHIVED LOGFILE DISCONNECT;

Database altered.

SYS@boston > select open_mode,database_role from v$database;

OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE

-------------------- ----------------

READ ONLY WITH APPLY PHYSICAL STANDBY

开启ADG的过程，只会将CDB置于open read only，并不会将mount状态的pdb1也开启为open read only。

SYS@boston > show pdbs;

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO

3 PDB1 MOUNTED

SYS@boston > alter pluggable database all open;

Pluggable database altered.

测试ADG效果，在主库的pdb1创建表空间后在备库验证是否可以同步。

主库在pdb创建一个表空间tbs1

SYS@chicago > show pdbs;

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO

3 PDB1 MOUNTED

SYS@chicago >

SYS@chicago > alter pluggable database all open;

Pluggable database altered.

SYS@chicago > alter session set container=pdb1;

Session altered.

SYS@chicago > select name from v$datafile;

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/undotbs01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/system01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/SAMPLE_SCHEMA_users01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/example01.dbf

SYS@chicago > create tablespace tbs1 datafile '/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/tbs1.dbf' size 5m;

Tablespace created.

SYS@chicago > col file_name for a58

SYS@chicago > set lines 150

SYS@chicago > select file_name,file_id,con_id from cdb_data_files;

FILE_NAME FILE_ID CON_ID

---------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ----------

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/system01.dbf 8 3

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf 9 3

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/SAMPLE_SCHEMA_users01.dbf 10 3

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/example01.dbf 11 3

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/tbs1.dbf 12 3

在备库验证表空间tbs1同步成功。但是延时比较大，等了好久才同步成功。

SYS@boston > select file_name,file_id,con_id from cdb_data_files;

FILE_NAME FILE_ID CON_ID

---------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ----------

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/example01.dbf 11 3

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/SAMPLE_SCHEMA_users01.dbf 10 3

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf 9 3

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/tbs1.dbf 12 3

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/system01.dbf 8 3

最后测试主库添加pdb2，备库的同步效果。使用图形工具dbca在CDB chicago上创建新的pdb。
如何理解Oracle 12c CDB的ADG

主库创建pdb2的过程中后台alert输出如下：

CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb2 ADMIN USER snow IDENTIFIED BY * ROLES=(CONNECT) file_name_convert=('/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdbseed/system01.dbf','/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb2/system01.dbf',

'/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf','/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb2/sysaux01.dbf','/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdbseed/pdbseed_temp01.dbf','/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb2/temp01.dbf')

Sat May 02 01:27:44 2015

****************************************************************

Pluggable Database PDB2 with pdb id - 4 is created as UNUSABLE.

If any errors are encountered before the pdb is marked as NEW,

then the pdb must be dropped

****************************************************************

Deleting old file#5 from file$

Deleting old file#7 from file$

Adding new file#13 to file$(old file#5)

Adding new file#14 to file$(old file#7)

Successfully created internal service pdb2 at open

ALTER SYSTEM: Flushing buffer cache inst=0 container=4 local

****************************************************************

Post plug operations are now complete.

Pluggable database PDB2 with pdb id - 4 is now marked as NEW.

****************************************************************

Completed: CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb2 ADMIN USER snow IDENTIFIED BY * ROLES=(CONNECT) file_name_convert=('/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdbseed/system01.dbf','/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb2/system01.dbf',

alter pluggable database pdb2 open

Pluggable database PDB2 dictionary check beginning

Pluggable Database PDB2 Dictionary check complete

Due to limited space in shared pool (need 6094848 bytes, have 3981120 bytes), limiting Resource Manager entities from 2048 to 32

Opening pdb PDB2 (4) with no Resource Manager plan active

Sat May 02 01:27:47 2015

Setting Resource Manager plan SCHEDULER[0x420E]:DEFAULT_MAINTENANCE_PLAN via scheduler window

Setting Resource Manager plan DEFAULT_MAINTENANCE_PLAN at pdb PDB2 (4) via parameter

Sat May 02 01:27:47 2015

XDB installed.

XDB initialized.

Pluggable database PDB2 opened read write

Completed: alter pluggable database pdb2 open

CREATE SMALLFILE TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING DATAFILE '/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb2/pdb2_users01.dbf' SIZE 5M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO

Completed: CREATE SMALLFILE TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING DATAFILE '/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb2/pdb2_users01.dbf' SIZE 5M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO

ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TABLESPACE "USERS"

Completed: ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TABLESPACE "USERS"

Sat May 02 01:28:00 2015

TABLE SYS.WRI$_OPTSTAT_HISTHEAD_HISTORY: ADDED INTERVAL PARTITION SYS_P221 (42125) VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE(' 2015-05-03 00:00:00', 'SYYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN'))

TABLE SYS.WRI$_OPTSTAT_HISTGRM_HISTORY: ADDED INTERVAL PARTITION SYS_P241 (42125) VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE(' 2015-05-03 00:00:00', 'SYYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN'))

Sat May 02 01:28:49 2015

Thread 1 cannot allocate new log, sequence 90

Private strand flush not complete

Current log# 2 seq# 89 mem# 0: /home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/redo02.log

Sat May 02 01:28:52 2015

Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 90 (LGWR switch)

Current log# 3 seq# 90 mem# 0: /home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/redo03.log

Sat May 02 01:28:53 2015

Archived Log entry 87 added for thread 1 sequence 89 ID 0x58b61e17 dest 1:

Sat May 02 01:28:53 2015

TT00: Standby redo logfile selected for thread 1 sequence 90 for destination LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2

与此同时在备库端观察alert日志查看同步效果。通过日志输出，可以观察到新的数据文件创建到新的目录pdb2下。

boston alert.log

Recovery successfully copied file /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb2/system01.dbf from /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdbseed/system01.dbf

Recovery created file /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb2/system01.dbf

Successfully added datafile 13 to media recovery

Datafile #13: '/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb2/system01.dbf'

Recovery copied files for tablespace SYSAUX

Recovery successfully copied file /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb2/sysaux01.dbf from /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf

Recovery created file /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb2/sysaux01.dbf

Successfully added datafile 14 to media recovery

Datafile #14: '/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb2/sysaux01.dbf'

Recovery created file /home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb2/pdb2_users01.dbf

Successfully added datafile 15 to media recovery

Datafile #15: '/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb2/pdb2_users01.dbf'

Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 90 (in transit)

RFS[2]: Selected log 5 for thread 1 sequence 91 dbid 1488305431 branch 878586712

Mon May 25 15:12:53 2015

主库创建后的实例列表和文件分布

SYS@chicago > show pdbs;

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO

3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO

4 PDB2 READ WRITE NO

SYS@chicago > select name from v$datafile;

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/system01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/sysaux01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/undotbs01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdbseed/system01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/users01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/system01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/SAMPLE_SCHEMA_users01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/example01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb1/tbs1.dbf

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb2/system01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb2/sysaux01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/chicago/pdb2/pdb2_users01.dbf

14 rows selected.

备库的实例列表和文件分布

SYS@boston > show pdbs;

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO

3 PDB1 READ ONLY NO

4 PDB2 MOUNTED

SYS@boston > select name from v$datafile;

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/system01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/sysaux01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/undotbs01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdbseed/system01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/users01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/system01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/SAMPLE_SCHEMA_users01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/example01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb1/tbs1.dbf

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb2/system01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb2/sysaux01.dbf

/home/oracle/dbfile/boston/pdb2/pdb2_users01.dbf

14 rows selected.

一些补充

主库新建pdb2后不会自动添加tnsnames，为了客户端连接需要手工添加蓝色pdb2部分。

[oracle@snow admin]$ more tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.1/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

BOSTON =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = boston)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = boston)

)

CHICAGO =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.228.12)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = chicago)

)

LISTENER_ALEX =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = snow.oracle.com)(PORT = 1521))

PDB1 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.228.12)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = pdb1)

)

PDB2 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.228.12)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = pdb2)

)

主库创建pdb2，备库应用日志后也创建了pdb2，并且在制定目录/home/oracle/dbfile/boston下创建了pdb2目录来存放数据文件。

这本来是不需要担心的地方，但是在HP Unix会出现问题。备库应用日志后无法创建pdb的目录导致创建失败。每当主库创建一个新的pdb之前需要在备库手工创建相应的目录才可以。

[oracle@boston boston]$ ll

total 2351032

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 18268160 May 25 15:26 control01.ctl

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 18268160 May 25 15:26 control02.ctl

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 May 25 14:43 pdb1

drwxr-x--- 2 oracle oinstall 4096 May 25 15:12 pdb2

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 May 25 14:31 pdbseed

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 May 25 14:28 redo01.log

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 May 25 14:28 redo02.log

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 May 25 14:28 redo03.log

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 May 25 15:12 redo04.log

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 May 25 15:26 redo05.log

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 May 25 14:28 redo06.log

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 May 25 14:28 redo07.log

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 807411712 May 25 15:13 sysaux01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 828383232 May 25 15:13 system01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 92282880 May 25 14:31 temp01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 361766912 May 25 15:13 undotbs01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 May 25 15:13 users01.dbf

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