1、NRPE简介

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  Nagios监控远程主机的方法有多种，其方式包括SNMP、NRPE、SSH和NCSA等。这里介绍其通过NRPE监控远程Linux主机的方式。

  NRPE（Nagios RemotePluginExecutor）是用于在远端服务器上运行检测命令的守护进程，它用于让Nagios监控端基于安装的方式触发远端主机上的检测命令，并将检测结果输出至监控端。而其执行的开销远低于基于SSH的检测方式，而且检测过程并不需要远程主机上的系统帐号等信息，其安全性也高于SSH的检测方式。

2、安装配置被监控端

1）先添加nagios用户

# useradd -s/sbin/nologin nagios

2）NRPE依赖于nagios-plugins，因此，需要先安装之

[root@node3 ~]# ls

nrpe-2.15.tar.gz

nagios-plugins-1.5.tar.gz

[root@node3 ~]# tar-xf nrpe-2.15.tar.gz

安装编译环境

[root@node3 ~]# yuminstall gcc make -y

# tar zxfnagios-plugins-1.4.15.tar.gz

# cdnagios-plugins-1.4.15

# ./configure--with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios

# make all

# make instal

3）安装NRPE

[root@node3nrpe-2.15]# yum install openssl openssl-devel -y

# tar -zxvfnrpe-2.12.tar.gz

# cd nrpe-2.12.tar.gz

# ./configure--with-nrpe-user=nagios \

    --with-nrpe-group=nagios \

    --with-nagios-user=nagios \

    --with-nagios-group=nagios \

    --enable-command-args \

    --enable-ssl #如果要启用ssl的话，需要安装opensslopenssl-devel包

# make all

# make install-plugin

# make install-daemon

# makeinstall-daemon-config

4）配置NRPE

# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

log_facility=daemon

pid_file=/var/run/nrpe.pid

server_address=192.168.0.3

server_port=5666

nrpe_user=nagios

nrpe_group=nagios

allowed_hosts=192.168.0.4

command_timeout=60

connection_timeout=300

debug=0

上述配置指令可以做到见名知义，因此，配置过程中根据实际需要进行修改即可。其中，需要特定说明的是allowed_hosts指令用于定义本机所允许的监控端的IP地址。

5）启动NRPE

#/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg –d

为了便于NRPE服务的启动，可以将如下内容定义为/etc/init.d/nrped脚本：

#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 2345 8812
# description: NRPEDAEMON
NRPE=/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe
NRPECONF=/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
case "$1"in
start)
echo-n "Starting NRPE daemon..."
$NRPE-c $NRPECONF -d
echo" done."
;;
stop)
echo-n "Stopping NRPE daemon..."
pkill-u nagios nrpe
echo" done."
;;
restart)
$0stop
sleep2
$0start
;;
*)
echo"Usage: $0 start|stop|restart"
;;
esac
exit 0

或者，也可以在/etc/xinetd.d目录中创建nrpe文件，使其成为一个基于非独立守护进程的服务，文件内容如下：

service nrpe
{
flags= REUSE
socket_type= stream
wait= no
user= nagios
group= nagios
server= /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe
server_args= -c /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg -i
log_on_failure+= USERID
disable= no
}

此种情况下启动NRPE进程需要通过重启xinetd来实现。

6）配置允许远程主机监控的对象

在被监控端，可以通过NRPE监控的服务或资源需要通过nrpe.cfg文件使用命令进行定义，定义命令的语法格式为：command[]=。比如：

command[check_rootdisk]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk-w 20% -c 10% -p /

command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk-w 40% -c 20%

command[check_sensors]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_sensors #需要安装sensor

command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users-w 10 -c 20

command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load-w 10,8,5 -c 20,18,15

command[check_sda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk-w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda1

command[check_sda2]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk-w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda2

command[check_zombies]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs-w 5 -c 10 -s Z

command[check_all_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs-w 150 -c 200

7）启动进程

[root@node3 ~]#chkconfig --add  nrped
[root@node3 ~]#chkconfig --list nrped
nrped                 0:off        1:off        2:on        3:on        4:on        5:on        6:off
[root@node3 ~]#service nrped start
Starting NRPEdaemon...done.
[root@node3 ~]#service nrped restart
Stoping NRPEdaemon...done.
Starting NRPEdaemon...done.
[root@node3 ~]#netstat -tlnp
Active Internetconnections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-QLocal Address               ForeignAddress             State       PID/Program name 
tcp        0     0 0.0.0.0:22                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1212/sshd         
tcp        0     0 127.0.0.1:25               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1296/master       
tcp        0     0 192.168.0.3:5666           0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      35058/nrpe        
tcp        0     0 :::22                      :::*                        LISTEN      1212/sshd         
tcp        0     0 ::1:25                     :::*                        LISTEN      1296/master

3、配置监控端，nagios的服务端

1）安装NRPE

# tar -zxvfnrpe-2.12.tar.gz

# cd nrpe-2.12.tar.gz

# ./configure--with-nrpe-user=nagios \

    --with-nrpe-group=nagios \

    --with-nagios-user=nagios \

    --with-nagios-group=nagios \

    --enable-command-args \

    --enable-ssl

# make all

# make install-plugin

2）定义如何监控远程主机及服务：

通过NRPE监控远程Linux主机要使用chech_nrpe插件进行，其语法格式如下：

check_nrpe -H [-n] [-u] [-p ] [-t ] [-c] [-a ]

测试远端主机是否正常

[root@node4 libexec]#./check_nrpe -H 192.168.0.3

NRPE v2.15

使用示例1：

定义监控远程Linux主机swap资源的命令：

[root@node4 objects]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg #添加下面的命令

definecommand{

command_namecheck_swap_nrpe

command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe –H"$HOSTADDRESS$" -c "ARG1"

}

定义远程Linux主机的swap资源：

defineservice

{

usegeneric-service

host_namelinuxserver1,linuxserver2

hostgroup_namelinux-servers

service_descriptionSWAP

check_commandcheck_swap_nrpe

normal_check_interval30

}

使用示例2：

如果希望上面的command定义更具有通用性，那么上面的定义也可以修改为如下：

定义监控远程Linux主机的命令：

definecommand

{

command_namecheck_nrpe

command_line$USER1$/check_nrpe –H "$HOSTADDRESS$" -c $ARG1$

}

$USER1$/check_nrpe –H"$HOSTADDRESS$" -c$ARG1$ $ARG2$

定义远程Linux主机的swap资源：

defineservice

{

usegeneric-service

host_namelinuxserver1,linuxserver2

hostgroup_namelinux-servers

service_descriptionSWAP

check_commandcheck_nrpe!check_swap

normal_check_interval30

}

使用示例3：

如果还希望在监控远程Linux主机时还能向其传递参数，则可以使用类似如下方式进行：

定义监控远程Linux主机disk资源的命令：

definecommand

{

command_namecheck_swap_nrpe

command_line$USER1$/check_nrpe –H "$HOSTADDRESS$" -c "check_swap" -a$ARG1$ $ARG2$

}

定义远程Linux主机的swap资源：

defineservice

{

usegeneric-service

host_namelinuxserver1,linuxserver2

hostgroup_namelinux-servers

service_descriptionSWAP

check_commandcheck_swap_nrpe!20!10

normal_check_interval30

}

实际操作：

[root@node4 objects]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg #添加下面的命令
define command{
        command_name check_nrpe
        command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H"$HOSTADDRESS$" -c $ARG1$
       }
[root@node4 ~]# cd/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/
[root@node4 objects]#vim commands.cfg
[root@node4 objects]#cp -p windows.cfg linuxserver.cfg
[root@node4 objects]#ll linuxserver.cfg
-rw-rw-r--. 1 nagiosnagios 4019 Feb 23 21:49 linuxserver.cfg
根据被监控端node3的关于命令的定义来定义这个
[root@node4 objects]#vim linuxserver.cfg
define host{
        use             linux-server    ; Inherit default values from a template
        host_name       linuxserver     ; The name we're giving to this host
        alias           My linux Server ; A longer nameassociated with the host
        address         192.168.0.3     ; IP address of the host
        }
###############################################################################
###############################################################################
#
# HOST GROUPDEFINITIONS
#
###############################################################################
###############################################################################
# Define a hostgroupfor Windows machines
# All hosts that usethe windows-server template will automatically be a member of this group
#define hostgroup{
#       hostgroup_name  windows-servers ; The name of the hostgroup
#       alias           Windows Servers ; Long name of thegroup
#       }
###############################################################################
###############################################################################
#
# SERVICE DEFINITIONS
#
###############################################################################
###############################################################################
# Create a servicefor monitoring the version of NSCLient++ that is installed
# Change thehost_name to match the name of the host you defined above
define service{
        use                     generic-service
        host_name               linuxserver
        service_description     CHECK USERS
        check_command           check_nrpe!check_users
        }
# Create a servicefor monitoring the uptime of the server
# Change thehost_name to match the name of the host you defined above
define service{
        use                     generic-service
        host_name               linuxserver
        service_description     Load
        check_command           check_nrpe!check_load
        }
# Create a servicefor monitoring CPU load
# Change thehost_name to match the name of the host you defined above
define service{
        use                     generic-service
        host_name               linuxserver
        service_description     SDA1
        check_command           check_nrpe!check_sda1
        }
define service{
        use                     generic-service
        host_name               linuxserver
        service_description     SDA2
        check_command           check_nrpe!check_sda2
        }
# Create a servicefor monitoring memory usage
# Change thehost_name to match the name of the host you defined above
define service{
        use                     generic-service
        host_name               linuxserver
        service_description     Zombie
        check_command           check_nrpe!check_zombie_procs
        }
# Create a servicefor monitoring C:\ disk usage
# Change thehost_name to match the name of the host you defined above
define service{
        use                     generic-service
        host_name               linuxserver
        service_description     Total_procs
        check_command           check_nrpe!check_total_procs
        }
# Create a servicefor monitoring the W3SVC service
# Change thehost_name to match the name of the host you defined above
define service{
        use                     generic-service
        host_name               linuxserver
        service_description     Swap
        check_command           check_nrpe!check_swap
        }
# Create a servicefor monitoring the Explorer.exe process
# Change thehost_name to match the name of the host you defined above
define service{
        use                     generic-service
        host_name               linuxserver
        service_description     Rootdisk
        check_command           check_nrpe!check_rootdisk
        }
define service{
        use                     generic-service
        host_name               linuxserver
        service_description     Sensor
        check_command           check_nrpe!check_sensors

然后修改nagios.cfg，添加cfg_file一个条目

[root@node4 ~]# vim/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/linuxserver.cfg

检查语法：

[root@node4 objects]#/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

………………………….

Checking timeperiods...

Checked5 time periods.

Checking for circularpaths between hosts...

Checking for circularhost and service dependencies...

Checking global eventhandlers...

Checking obsessivecompulsive processor commands...

Checking miscsettings...

Total Warnings: 0

Total Errors:   0

然后重启nagios服务

[root@node4 ~]# clear

[root@node4 ~]#service nagios restart

Running configurationcheck...done.

Stopping nagios:.done.

Starting nagios:done.

[root@node4 ~]#

然后进nagios界面，就可以看到我们刚刚加入的机器，等一会就会检查

过一段时间监测完成以后就可以看到全是ok了

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