数据库中各种带锁游标加锁的时机分析
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我建立了一个表并生成一行数据:
create table plch_one_row (id number); insert into plch_one_row values (1); commit;
然后我建立一个过程来检查我的表里这行数据是否被锁住。我用的方法是在一个带有自治事务的过程里试图对这行进行加锁。
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE plch_check_lock AS PRAGMA AUTONOMOUS_TRANSACTION; resource_busy EXCEPTION; PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT (resource_busy, -54); l_id plch_one_row.id%TYPE; BEGIN SELECT id INTO l_id FROM plch_one_row FOR UPDATE NOWAIT; DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line ('Not locked'); COMMIT; EXCEPTION WHEN resource_busy THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line ('Locked'); END; /
下列的选项中,哪些可以用来代替下面这个块中的/* code */注释,从而执行之后会显示"Not locked"? 你可以假定在执行之前表上没有锁。
BEGIN /* code */ plch_check_lock; END; /
(A)
begin for rec in (select 1/0 from plch_one_row for update) loop null; end loop; exception when zero_divide then null; end;
SQL> BEGIN 2 begin 3 for rec in (select 1 / 0 from plch_one_row for update) loop 4 null; 5 end loop; 6 exception 7 when zero_divide then 8 null; 9 end; 10 plch_check_lock; 11 END; 12 / Not locked PL/SQL procedure successfully completed SQL>
(B)
declare cursor cur is select 1/0 from plch_one_row for update; begin for rec in cur loop null; end loop; exception when zero_divide then null; end;
SQL> BEGIN 2 declare 3 cursor cur is 4 select 1 / 0 from plch_one_row for update; 5 begin 6 for rec in cur loop 7 null; 8 end loop; 9 exception 10 when zero_divide then 11 null; 12 end; 13 plch_check_lock; 14 END; 15 / Locked PL/SQL procedure successfully completed SQL>
(C)
declare cursor cur is select 1/0 from plch_one_row for update; begin savepoint before_loop; for rec in cur loop null; end loop; exception when zero_divide then rollback to before_loop; end;
SQL> BEGIN 2 declare 3 cursor cur is 4 select 1 / 0 from plch_one_row for update; 5 begin 6 savepoint before_loop; 7 for rec in cur loop 8 null; 9 end loop; 10 exception 11 when zero_divide then 12 rollback to before_loop; 13 end; 14 plch_check_lock; 15 END; 16 / Not locked PL/SQL procedure successfully completed SQL>
(D)
begin savepoint before_loop; for rec in (select 1/0 from plch_one_row for update) loop null; end loop; exception when zero_divide then rollback to before_loop; end;
SQL> BEGIN 2 begin 3 savepoint before_loop; 4 for rec in (select 1 / 0 from plch_one_row for update) loop 5 null; 6 end loop; 7 exception 8 when zero_divide then 9 rollback to before_loop; 10 end; 11 plch_check_lock; 12 END; 13 / Not locked PL/SQL procedure successfully completed SQL>
答案ACD
(A)正确:如果用隐性游标循环,发生异常时锁会被释放
(B)不正确,如果用显性游标循环,发生异常时锁不会被释放
(C)正确:异常被捕获,显式回滚到SAVE POINT, 因而锁被释放。
(D)正确:同A, 异常处理里的回滚相当于什么也没做。
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