postgresql常用查询语句
1.查找执行较慢的sql:
select* from pg_stat_statements;
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2.根据操作系统的pid查找回话:
select d.query from pg_stat_activity d where pid=18707;
3.查询慢sql:
SELECT query,calls,total_time,(total_time / calls) AS average,ROWS,
100.0 * shared_blks_hit / NULLIF (shared_blks_hit + shared_blks_read,0) AS hit_percent
FROM pg_stat_statements ORDER BY average DESC LIMIT 10;
4.重置pg_stat_statements表:
select pg_stat_statements_reset();
5.授权:
schema只读:
grant select on all tables in schema app_schema to app_user_readonly;
针对schema读写权限:
grant select,update,delete,insert on all tables in schema app_schema to app_user;
create database chunqiu;
create user u_chunqiu password 'u_chunqiu';
alter database chunqiu owner to u_chunqiu;
create schema crmdb;
alter schema crmdb owner to u_chunqiu;
复制查看(在主库执行,备库执行无结果):
select * from pg_stat_replication;- 修改参数:
postgres=# alter system set shared_buffers='1000MB';
ALTER SYSTEM
8.参数查看:
show shared_buffers;
show hba_file;
show config_file;
9.干净的关闭数据库:
pg_ctl stop -m fast
10.查看主从复制延迟时间:
select extract(epoch from now() - pg_last_xact_replay_timestamp());
11.刷新配置文件:
a.SELECT pg_reload_conf();
b.pg_ctl reload
12.常用查询:
--查看所有的对象(表名字、索引名字、sequence等):
SELECT from pg_class where relname = 'activity_history';
select from pg_attribute where attname = 'activity_history';
--查看所有信息:
select from pg_index;
--查看表和索引的对应信息以及索引的创建信息:
select from pg_indexes where indexname = 'index_name';
--查看表的信息:
select from pg_tables where tablename = 'pg_class';
--查看视图信息:
select from pg_views;
select from pg_type;
SELECT FROM information_schema.schemata;
--获取表的字段和类型:
SELECT a.attname as name,pg_type.typname as typename,col_description(a.attrelid,a.attnum) as comment, a.attnotnull as notnull
FROM pg_class as c,pg_attribute as a inner join pg_type on pg_type.oid = a.atttypid
where c.relname = 'activity_history' and a.attrelid = c.oid and a.attnum>0
13.切换schema:
show search_path ;
set search_path to app ;
set search_path to app,public ;
SET search_path TO myschema,public;
14.统计信息相关:
PG提供了一下各个对象级别的统计信息视图:
pg_stat_database
pg_stat_all_tables
pg_stat_sys_tables
pg_stat_user_tables
pg_stat_all_indexes
pg_stat_sys_indexes
pg_stat_user_indexes
根据pg提供的pg_test_timing工具测试打开track_io_timing参数是否会产生瓶颈:
PG还提供了对数据库内函数的调用次数及其他信息进行统计的视图:pg_stat_user_functions
PG还提供了一下各个对象上发生I/O情况的统计视图:
pg_statio_all_tables
pg_statio_sys_tables
pg_statio_user_tables
pg_statio_all_indexes
pg_statio_sys_indexes
pg_statio_user_indexes
pg_statio_all_sequences
pg_statio_sys_sequences
pg_statio_user_sequences
15.常用维护:
显示当前session对应的后台进程:
select pg_backend_pid();
向进程发送INT信号把正在执行的sql取消掉:
pg_ctl kill INT xxx
一般都是使用取消:
select pg_cancel_backend(xxx);
sql sleep多久,单位秒:
select pg_sleep(xxx);
查看数据库启动时间:
select pg_postmaster_start_time();
查看配置文件最后load时间:
select pg_conf_load_time();
显示数据库当前时区:
show timezone;
显示当前session所在的客户端ip地址和端口:
select inet_client_addr(),inet_client_port();
显示当前数据库服务器的ip地址和端口:
select inet_server_addr(),inet_server_port();
查看当前正在写的wal文件:
9.x版本:
select pg_xlogfile_name(pg_current_xlog_location());
10.x版本:
select pg_walfile_name(pg_current_wal_insert_lsn());
后续不断更新。。。。。。。。。。
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