怎么利用Python开发一个桌面小程序
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开发环境:
Python 3.6
Pycharm
代码
界面设置
1.导入模块
import tkinter as tk
2.实例化一个窗体对象
root = tk.Tk()
3.标题
root.title('计算器')
4.大小以及出现的位置
root.geometry("295x280+150+150")
5.透明度
root.attributes("-alpha", 0.9)
6.背景
root["background"] = "#ffffff"
7.标签
lable1 = tk.Label(root, textvariable=result_num, width=20, height=2, font=('宋体', 20), justify='left', background='#ffffff', anchor='se')
8.布局
lable1.grid(padx=4, pady=4, row=0, column=0, columnspan=4)
9.按钮
button_clear = tk.Button(root, text='C', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#C0C0C0', command=lambda: clear()) button_back = tk.Button(root, text='←', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#C0C0C0', command=lambda: back()) button_division = tk.Button(root, text='/', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#C0C0C0', command=lambda: operator('/')) button_multiplication = tk.Button(root, text='x', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#C0C0C0', command=lambda: operator('*')) button_clear .grid(padx=4, row=1, column=0) button_back .grid(padx=4, row=1, column=1) button_division .grid(padx=4, row=1, column=2) button_multiplication .grid(padx=4, row=1, column=3) button_seven = tk.Button(root, text='7', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('7')) button_eight = tk.Button(root, text='8', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('8')) button_nine = tk.Button(root, text='9', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('9')) button_subtraction = tk.Button(root, text='—', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#C0C0C0', command=lambda: operator('-')) button_seven .grid(padx=4, row=2, column=0) button_eight .grid(padx=4, row=2, column=1) button_nine .grid(padx=4, row=2, column=2) button_subtraction .grid(padx=4, row=2, column=3) button_four = tk.Button(root, text='4', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('4')) button_four.grid(padx=4, pady=4, row=3, column=0) button_five = tk.Button(root, text='5', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('5')) button_five.grid(padx=4, row=3, column=1) button_six = tk.Button(root, text='6', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('6')) button_six.grid(padx=4, row=3, column=2) button_addition = tk.Button(root, text='+', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#C0C0C0', command=lambda: operator('+')) button_addition.grid(padx=4, row=3, column=3) button_one = tk.Button(root, text='1', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('1')) button_one.grid(padx=4, row=4, column=0) button_two = tk.Button(root, text='2', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('2')) button_two.grid(padx=4, row=4, column=1) button_three = tk.Button(root, text='3', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('3')) button_three.grid(padx=4, row=4, column=2) button_equal = tk.Button(root, text='=', width=5, height=3, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#C0C0C0', command=lambda: equal()) button_equal.grid(padx=4, row=4, rowspan=5, column=3) button_zero = tk.Button(root, text='0', width=12, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('0')) button_zero.grid(padx=4, pady=4, row=5, column=0, columnspan=2) button_decimal = tk.Button(root, text='.', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('.')) button_decimal.grid(padx=4, row=5, column=2)
现在得出界面效果
功能
添加数字
def append_num(i): lists.append(i) result_num.set(''.join(lists))
选择运算符号
def operator(i): if len(lists) > 0: if lists[-1] in ['+', '-', '*', '/']: lists[-1] = i else: lists.append(i) result_num.set(''.join(lists))
清零
def clear(): lists.clear() result_num.set(0)
退格
def back(): del lists[-1] result_num.set(lists)
等号
def equal(): a = ''.join(lists) end_num = eval(a) result_num.set(end_num) lists.clear() lists.append(str(end_num))
定义一个列表收集输入的内容
lists = [] result_num = tk.StringVar() result_num.set(0)
最后运行代码,效果如下图
先试试
运算得出结果
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