name_list=['foster',"janet",'jessus','david']
count_dict={}
for i in name_list:
    count_dict[i]="".join(name_list).count(i[0])

print count_dict

>>> def countfist(a):
...     res = {}
...     for i in a:
...         res[i] = "".join(a).count(i[0])
...     return res
...
>>> countfist(new_mystr)
{'and': 3, 'world': 1, 'itcastcpp': 2, 'itcast': 2, 'hello': 1}
>>>

>>> name_list=['foster',"janet",'jessus','david']
>>> countfist(name_list)
{'david': 2, 'foster': 1, 'janet': 2, 'jessus': 2}
>>>

网站标题：统计名字列表中，各名字的首字母在名字列表中出现的次数
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