@Resources,@Inject和@Autowired的区别是什么
这篇文章主要介绍“@Resources, @Inject和@Autowired的区别是什么”,在日常操作中,相信很多人在@Resources, @Inject和@Autowired的区别是什么问题上存在疑惑,小编查阅了各式资料,整理出简单好用的操作方法,希望对大家解答”@Resources, @Inject和@Autowired的区别是什么”的疑惑有所帮助!接下来,请跟着小编一起来学习吧!
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@Resources
官方文档里对@Resources的说明:
The @Resource annotation is part of the JSR-250 annotation collection and is packaged with Jakarta EE.
什么是JSR-250呢?访问这个链接:https://id=250https://id=330
注入的优先级:
Match by Type
Match by Qualifier
Match by Name
Match by Type
注意@Inject注入的最高优先级方式为Match by Type,而非@Resource的Match by Name.
任意定义一个待注入的Component:
@Componentpublic class ArbitraryDependency { private final String label = "Arbitrary Dependency"; public String toString() { return label; }}
使用@Inject注入:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration( loader=AnnotationConfigContextLoader.class, classes=ApplicationContextTestInjectType.class)public class FieldInjectIntegrationTest { @Inject private ArbitraryDependency fieldInjectDependency; @Test public void givenInjectAnnotation_WhenOnField_ThenValidDependency(){ assertNotNull(fieldInjectDependency); assertEquals("Arbitrary Dependency", fieldInjectDependency.toString()); }}
Match by Qualifier
定义一个新的待注入组件:
public class AnotherArbitraryDependency extends ArbitraryDependency { private final String label = "Another Arbitrary Dependency"; public String toString() { return label; }}
测试代码:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration( loader=AnnotationConfigContextLoader.class, classes=ApplicationContextTestInjectQualifier.class)public class FieldQualifierInjectIntegrationTest { @Inject private ArbitraryDependency defaultDependency; @Inject private ArbitraryDependency namedDependency; @Test public void givenInjectQualifier_WhenOnField_ThenDefaultFileValid(){ assertNotNull(defaultDependency); assertEquals("Arbitrary Dependency", defaultDependency.toString()); } @Test public void givenInjectQualifier_WhenOnField_ThenNamedFileValid(){ assertNotNull(defaultDependency); assertEquals("Another Arbitrary Dependency", namedDependency.toString()); }}
和之前@Resource的第一次试图通过Match by Type注入一样失败,遇到异常:NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException
利用@Qualifier避免这个异常:
@Inject@Qualifier("defaultFile")private ArbitraryDependency defaultDependency;@Inject@Qualifier("namedFile")private ArbitraryDependency namedDependency;
Match by Name
public class YetAnotherArbitraryDependency extends ArbitraryDependency { private final String label = "Yet Another Arbitrary Dependency"; public String toString() { return label; }}
消费者代码:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration( loader=AnnotationConfigContextLoader.class, classes=ApplicationContextTestInjectName.class)public class FieldByNameInjectIntegrationTest { @Inject @Named("yetAnotherFieldInjectDependency") private ArbitraryDependency yetAnotherFieldInjectDependency; @Test public void givenInjectQualifier_WhenSetOnField_ThenDependencyValid(){ assertNotNull(yetAnotherFieldInjectDependency); assertEquals("Yet Another Arbitrary Dependency", yetAnotherFieldInjectDependency.toString()); }}
application context代码:
@Configurationpublic class ApplicationContextTestInjectName { @Bean public ArbitraryDependency yetAnotherFieldInjectDependency() { ArbitraryDependency yetAnotherFieldInjectDependency = new YetAnotherArbitraryDependency(); return yetAnotherFieldInjectDependency; }}
到此,关于“@Resources, @Inject和@Autowired的区别是什么”的学习就结束了,希望能够解决大家的疑惑。理论与实践的搭配能更好的帮助大家学习,快去试试吧!若想继续学习更多相关知识,请继续关注创新互联网站,小编会继续努力为大家带来更多实用的文章!
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