如何编写简洁的React代码
这篇文章给大家介绍如何编写简洁的React代码,内容非常详细,感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考借鉴,希望对大家能有所帮助。
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只对一个条件进行条件性渲染
如果你需要在一个条件为真时有条件地呈现一些东西,在一个条件为假时不呈现任何东西,不要使用三元运算符。使用&&运算符代替。
糟糕的例子:
import React, { useState } from 'react' export const ConditionalRenderingWhenTrueBad = () => { const [showConditionalText, setShowConditionalText] = useState(false) const handleClick = () => setShowConditionalText(showConditionalText => !showConditionalText) return ({showConditionalText ?) }The condition must be true!
: null}
好的例子:
import React, { useState } from 'react' export const ConditionalRenderingWhenTrueGood = () => { const [showConditionalText, setShowConditionalText] = useState(false) const handleClick = () => setShowConditionalText(showConditionalText => !showConditionalText) return ({showConditionalText &&) }The condition must be true!
}
有条件的渲染是指在任何条件下
如果你需要在一个条件为真时有条件地呈现一个东西,在条件为假时呈现另一个东西,请使用三元运算符。
糟糕的例子:
import React, { useState } from 'react' export const ConditionalRenderingBad = () => { const [showConditionOneText, setShowConditionOneText] = useState(false) const handleClick = () => setShowConditionOneText(showConditionOneText => !showConditionOneText) return ({showConditionOneText &&) }The condition must be true!
} {!showConditionOneText &&The condition must be false!
}
好的例子:
import React, { useState } from 'react' export const ConditionalRenderingGood = () => { const [showConditionOneText, setShowConditionOneText] = useState(false) const handleClick = () => setShowConditionOneText(showConditionOneText => !showConditionOneText) return ({showConditionOneText ? () }The condition must be true!
) : (The condition must be false!
)}
Boolean props
一个真实的props可以提供给一个组件,只有props名称而没有值,比如:myTruthyProp。写成myTruthyProp={true}是不必要的。
糟糕的例子:
import React from 'react' const HungryMessage = ({ isHungry }) => ( {isHungry ? 'I am hungry' : 'I am full'} ) export const BooleanPropBad = () => (This person is hungry:)
This person is full:
好的例子:
import React from 'react' const HungryMessage = ({ isHungry }) => ( {isHungry ? 'I am hungry' : 'I am full'} ) export const BooleanPropGood = () => (This person is hungry:)
This person is full:
String props
可以用双引号提供一个字符串道具值,而不使用大括号或反斜线。
糟糕的例子:
import React from 'react' const Greeting = ({ personName }) =>Hi, {personName}!
export const StringPropValuesBad = () => ()
好的例子:
import React from 'react' const Greeting = ({ personName }) =>Hi, {personName}!
export const StringPropValuesGood = () => ()
事件处理函数
如果一个事件处理程序只需要事件对象的一个参数,你就可以像这样提供函数作为事件处理程序:onChange={handleChange}。
你不需要像这样把函数包在一个匿名函数中。
糟糕的例子:
import React, { useState } from 'react' export const UnnecessaryAnonymousFunctionsBad = () => { const [inputValue, setInputValue] = useState('') const handleChange = e => { setInputValue(e.target.value) } return ( <> handleChange(e)} /> > ) }
好的例子:
import React, { useState } from 'react' export const UnnecessaryAnonymousFunctionsGood = () => { const [inputValue, setInputValue] = useState('') const handleChange = e => { setInputValue(e.target.value) } return ( <> > ) }
将组件作为props传递
当把一个组件作为props传递给另一个组件时,如果该组件不接受任何props,你就不需要把这个传递的组件包裹在一个函数中。
糟糕的例子:
import React from 'react' const CircleIcon = () => ( ) const ComponentThatAcceptsAnIcon = ({ IconComponent }) => () export const UnnecessaryAnonymousFunctionComponentsBad = () => (Below is the icon component prop I was given:
} /> )
好的例子:
import React from 'react' const CircleIcon = () => ( ) const ComponentThatAcceptsAnIcon = ({ IconComponent }) => () export const UnnecessaryAnonymousFunctionComponentsGood = () => (Below is the icon component prop I was given:
)
为定义的props
未定义的props被排除在外,所以如果props未定义是可以的,就不要担心提供未定义的回退。
糟糕的例子:
import React from 'react' const ButtonOne = ({ handleClick }) => ( ) const ButtonTwo = ({ handleClick }) => { const noop = () => {} return } export const UndefinedPropsBad = () => ()alert('Clicked!')} /> alert('Clicked!')} />
好的例子:
import React from 'react' const ButtonOne = ({ handleClick }) => ( ) export const UndefinedPropsGood = () => ()alert('Clicked!')} />
设置依赖前一个状态的状态
如果新的状态依赖于之前的状态,那么一定要把状态设置为之前状态的函数。React的状态更新可以是分批进行的,如果不这样写你的更新就会导致意外的结果。
糟糕的例子:
import React, { useState } from 'react' export const PreviousStateBad = () => { const [isDisabled, setIsDisabled] = useState(false) const toggleButton = () => setIsDisabled(!isDisabled) const toggleButton2Times = () => { for (let i = 0; i < 2; i++) { toggleButton() } } return () }
好的例子:
import React, { useState } from 'react' export const PreviousStateGood = () => { const [isDisabled, setIsDisabled] = useState(false) const toggleButton = () => setIsDisabled(isDisabled => !isDisabled) const toggleButton2Times = () => { for (let i = 0; i < 2; i++) { toggleButton() } } return () }
总结
以下做法并非针对React,而是在JavaScript(以及任何编程语言)中编写干净代码的良好做法。
将复杂的逻辑提取为明确命名的函数
将神奇的数字提取为常量
使用明确命名的变量
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